What’s in your vaccine?

Let’s first discuss the two vaccines, Moderna and Pfizer(BioNTech), which both have similar compositions. The first and most important ingredient is the messenger RNA(mRNA for short). This article explains the process fully, but a brief summary is that mRNA is a component of the COVID virus that has been neutralized, meaning it is harmless to the body. The second ingredient is fats, or lipids to be exact, which helps deliver the COVID mRNA to the cells. The other ingredients are a mixture of acids, salts, and sugars, which work together to stabilize the cell.

The third vaccine is the Johnson & Johnson, which has a different approach to combatting It carries an Adenovirus 26. The adenovirus is not related to the COVID virus, but it carries the instructions on how to fight COVID. Similarly though, it contains salts and acids to provide stability for the vaccine.